Month: October 2019

Dostoyevsky: “Without God, Anything is Permissible” (3/3)

Christian thinkers have argued for millennia that only God can give objective grounds for the transcendent moral law. Fyodor Dostoyevsky flips that equation in the face of the death of God in Russia, “Without God, anything is permissible.” That is, if God doesn’t exist, there is no such thing as an act that is off limits, immoral or evil. Dostoyevsky warned that if Russia tries to live out the European Enlightenment worldview, then society will quickly realize that a godless universe is a lawless universe.

How to Live Deliberately

“Simplicity, Simplicity, Simplicity!”

Our lives today are exceedingly fast-paced. Despite the fact that we continue to purchase technology that makes our lives easier, we also continue to take on more and more responsibilities. It seems like we spend most of our days on mindless or menial tasks that don’t really matter, but they seem “urgent.” It seems like there’s so much to do but so little time. Stress levels have never been higher. For the answer, perhaps we should turn to a time two hundred years ago, a time not unlike ours. 

“Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity!” says Henry David Thoreau, 19th century American philosopher. For Thoreau, human life is much too cluttered by things that don’t matter. He expresses particular disdain for the post office — despite the mass of news and communication, very little meaningful things are being said. Because of this lack of meaning, because of the stress and drudgery of life, few people are truly awake anymore. He says, “the millions are awake enough for physical labor; but only one in a million is awake enough for effective intellectual exertion, only one in a hundred millions to a poetic or divine life. To be awake is to be alive.” If we are not awake, if we are not alive, then what is the point of life? Our lives are not meant to be so cluttered and meaningless. However, a lot of times we feel trapped in our stress. We think we don’t have the power to change our lives. Thoreau urges us that this is not the case. He believes that we can all “elevate [our lives] by a conscious endeavor.” You can change your life by the power of your mind.

When Thoreau was writing his book, Walden, he withdrew to live in a cabin in the woods. He said that he did this because he wished to “live deliberately.” He wanted to strip away everything unnecessary, to see what life really is at its core, so that he could truly live. He urges us to sift through “the mud and slush of opinion, and prejudice, and tradition, and delusion, and appearance,” and firmly ground yourself in this reality.

How to Live Deliberately

Now I bet this philosophy sounds really good to you. I know it sounds great to me. But the real question is, can we really do that? Can we really simplify in this crazy world? It seems impossible. This still isn’t something I’ve done completely successfully, so I feel like I can’t preach, but I do believe it’s possible, and Thoreau’s told us how to do it. There are two steps.

First, you need to dig down and find the core of your life. What are your values? Think long and hard about this. Make a list of what is important to you. Often, we find that we’re spending most of our lives doing things that are not important to us at all. Use this list of values to ground you. Yes, sometimes you’ll have to do menial errands, but that shouldn’t be your whole life.

Second, we must bring some wonder into our lives. Thoreau says that we reawaken and keep ourselves awake “by an infinite expectation of the dawn.” All great art, great poetry, great thought happens in the morning, when we wake up reinvigorated and ready for life. 

Think about how you feel when you take a walk. If you don’t take walks, you really should try it. When you’re on a walk, it’s just you, alone with nature and silence (or music — that’s good too). All the little everyday stresses just melt away. You can take full breaths, in, out, and really think clearly. These are the times when you see the beauty around you and truly appreciate it. These are the times when you think about what’s really important to you. Don’t let them pass you by. Seize them, and seize the life you want. Seize beauty, seize art, seize the dawn. 

That’s the sort of life we ought to aspire towards — a life where we wake up ready for each day, ready to be amazed by the beauty that life has to offer us. 

Notes

(Picture: Walden Pond, MA, where Thoreau wrote Walden.)

Dostoyevsky: The Gospel and Redemption in Crime and Punishment (2/3)

In Crime and Punishment, Raskolnikov lives out the logical conclusions of atheism, utilitarianism, and Nietzsche’s view of morality by murdering a useless old pawnbroker. Despite the logical justifications for his crime, Rodion realizes that moral laws are fixed in the universe, and he cannot escape his guilty conscience regardless of his rationalizations. An atheistic worldview says that sin is a construct, and Raskolnikov is a hero. But this is clearly wrong. Will Raskolnikov confess, repent, and turn to Christianity for forgiveness? Or will narcissism and ideology drive him to utter despair while his mind and his heart wreak havoc on what is left of his sanity?

Dostoyevsky: Introduction to Crime and Punishment (1/3)

Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821–1881) is often regarded as one of the best novelists to ever live. He is known for his penetrating grasp of psychology, his understanding of the dark side of human nature, and his unbelievably accurate predictions of what the 20th century would hold if the socialist revolutionaries came to power. Dostoyevsky made an enormous impact on modern the modern worldview, contributing to 20th century realism, existentialism and literary criticism. His unsurpassed delivery of philosophical concepts in narrative form makes him a truly unique author in world history. Among his most famous works, Crime and Punishment is an excursion into the practical consequences of utilitarian ethics, an atheistic worldview and the absurdity of objective morality without a higher authority––all displayed in the form of a captivating murder mystery with engaging characters, plot twists and masterful prose.

An Invitation to Classical Music

Music can be so much more than background noise. The highest quality of rich and deep music will bring the highest quality of rich and deep enjoyment. This is an invitation to classical music, and a suggestion of where you could begin your journey in one of the most profound expressions of human brilliance and emotion.

Artists, Philosophers, and the Power of Narrative

A painter, a philosopher and a poet walk into a bar. The painter already knows what the poet has to say. The poet says it eloquently. Then the philosopher listens, sits down, orders a drink, and spends ten hours figuring out what they meant. This is “the Great Conversation” that Western Civilization has given us and continues to give, as thinkers and visionaries offer their ideas and propel culture forward. These thoughts are often expressed in towering works of fiction, which unveil the eyes of the individual to the world. But conversation can’t even begin without non-fiction, and the rivalry between philosophers and writers continues. Lucky for us, we get to benefit from both sides, and the dialogue is riveting.

Did Christianity Make the World A Better Place?

Is Christianity a good or bad influence on society? Did Christianity inspire science, liberty, equality, morality and charity, or was it actually an obstacle to cultural progress? The late Christopher Hitchens said that religion poisons everything. Alvin Schmidt, among others, credit Christianity with the birth and growth of diplomacy, democracy, the sovereignty of the individual, and more. In the quest for truth, goodness can be a powerful witness.